Compound metal and method of making the same



Patented Nov. 17, 1925.

? UNITED STATES CLARENCE P. BYRNES, OF SEWICKLEY, PENNSYLVANIA.

'CQMPOUND METAL AND METHOD MAKING THE SAME.

llo Drawing To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CLARENCE P. BYRNES,

' a citizen of the United States, residing at Sewickley, in the-county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Compound Metal and Method of Making the Same, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My inventionrelates to the compounding of metals or alloys and is designed to provide a new metal article or product ofthis nature and also an improved method of making the same.

In wrought iron products the metal is admixed with slag, the metal granules being drawn out in rolling and interlaced with 'slag filaments having a substantially even:

distribution among the metal layers.

My invention is aimed to roduce a compound metal roduct in which granules of one metal or a loy are surrounded by another metal or'alloy, the granules being preferably welded together so that when worked by compressing or squeezing, forging rolling, etc., the compound article would have the physical character of wrought iron in that the drawn out granules of one metal Wlll be. interspersed with drawn out filaments or portions of another metal or alloy.

In carrying out the method I preferably take a-metal or alloy of relatively high melting' int such as the product of a steelmakmg operation, and pour it into a molten bath of another metal or alloy having a ow lower melting point and a sufliciently tem rature to granulate the entering stream oft e higher melting oint metal or allo The bath of lower me ting point metal or alloy is referably of fsufliciently' larger volume an of such a temperature that when equilibrium of temperature is established, the anules of higher melting point metal or a o are at a welding temperature. If desi'rab e, during the granulating o eration the. temperature of the bath may e kept from rising too high by feeding in cold or partly heated portions ofthe bath metal or alloy.v

In this operation the granules of the metal poured in collect in a mass in the lower part of the bath ifthe-bath is of less specific gravity than the metal oured in and a mass or ball somewhat simi ar to a puddle ball will be formed in the lower portion of the bath, this taking the shape ofthe receptacle.

The excess metal or alloy of the bath be- .separatel Application filed March 1, 1921. Serial No. 448,891.

neath the surface of which the ball is formed, may be then tapped oil' or poured oif and the mixed mass of metal granules and bath .metal may be compressed or squeezed either in the receptacle or mold in which the granulating-mixing operation is carried out, or by discharging the mass and taking it to a squeezer or press.

' If, on reaching equilibrium of temperature, the granulated metal is not up to the welding temperature, the temperature of the bath may be raised for bringing the granules to such temperature.

After the squeezing or pressing operation, the metal may be rolled out in the ordinary manner to produce a wrought, compound metal product.

Instead of granulating the one metal or alloy by pouring it in the bath of the other metal or alloy, it may begranulated prior to mixing the two in any desired way, such as.

by centrifugal force, jet action, etc. The granules, while still hot, are then preferably fed into the bath of the other metal or alloy with or without being preheated.

As an example of the metal, steel may thus be poured into a molten bath of aluminum, copper or aluminum-bronze. Lead or zinc may also be used for the molten bath.

If desired, the bath may be provided with a protective layer of slag or glass-like composition to protect the molten bath from oxidation. The operation may also becarried out in a non-oxidizing atmosphere if desired.

If the metals or alloys to be mixed are not of sufliciently difi'erent melting point to granulate the one by pouring in a bath of the other, one of them may be granulated and the granules fed into the bath of t e other.

While I prefer to weld the granules of the one metal together, particularly in the case of iron or steel anules, with some metals or in somecases t is may not be necessary as the granules may be cemented or held together by the other metal or alloy forming the bath when the latter is cooled In some cases I may use a colder layer of sla or glass-like composition above the mo ten bath and anulate the other metal by pourin into t is cooler slag layer, the granules t en descending into the molten metal bath beneath.

The advantages of my invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art since compound metal articlesmay thus be easily and cheaply formed in which the granules or worked or drawn out granules of one metal are mixed with another metal which may be of an anti-corrosive or protective nature. This method may also be used for making compound metals for non'-slip stair tread, and for other purposes either ornamental or useful.

More than two metals or alloys may be thus combined. Any metal or alloy may be used for either or all of the constituents, the method of granulating and mixing may be varied, and other changes may be made without departing from my invention.

By the word metal in the claims I intend to cover either a substantially pure metal or an alloy, or a metalloid or semimetal or alloy thereof. Thus a metal such as steel may be poured into an alloy of iron or steel with another metal or metalloid, such alloy having a lower melting point than the steel to give the granulating and mixing.

I claim:

1. A metal product, comprising metal of a relatively high melting point cooled from a molten condition and containing granules of a higher melting point metal arranged in the relation to each other and to the lower melting point metal which results from natural gravity settling of the said granules through the lower melting point metal while it is in molten condition.

2. A metal product, comprising metal of a relatively high melting point cooled from a molten condition and containing granules of a higher melting point metal arranged in the relation to each other and to the lower melting point metal which results from natural gravity settling of the said granules through the lower melting point metal while it is in molten condition, said granules being welded directly to each other.

3. A metal product, comprising a metal of lower melting point and less specific gravity cooled from a molten condition and containing granules of a higher melting point, higher specific gravity metal arranged in the relation to each other and to the lower melting point metal resulting from the natural settling of the granules through the lower melting point :netal while the same is in molten condition.

4. A metal product, comprising a metal of lower melting point and less specific gravity cooled from a molten condition and containing granules of a higher melting point, higher specific gravity metal arranged in the relation to each other and to the lower melting point metal resulting from the natural settling of the granules through the lower melting point metal while the same is in molten condition, said granules being welded directly to each other.

5. The method of making a compound metal product, consisting of mixing loose granules of one metal with another metal While the latter is in molten condition and causing the latter metal to encase said loose granules while they remain in granular form.

6. The method of making a compound metal product, consistin in feeding granules of a metal of hig ier melting point through molten metal of a lower meltin pointand allowing the compound meta mass to set and cool.

7. The method of making a compound metal product, consisting of feeding metal of a high melting point into a bath of another metal having a low melting point at a suflicient low temperature to granulate the first metal, forming a mixed mass therein and compressing the mass.

8. The method of making a compound metal product, consisting of feeding molten iron or steel into a bath of lower melting point and of suflicient volume and sufficient -low temperature to granulate the same,

forming a mixed mass of 'metal in the bath and compressing the mass.

9. The method of making a compound metal product, consistin of feeding molten iron or steel into a bat of lower melting point and of sufficient volume and suflicient low temperature to granulate the same, forming a mixed mass of metal in the bath, removing the surplus molten metal and compressing the mass.

10. The method of making a compound metal product, consisting in feeding granules of a metal of higher melting point through a metal of lower melting point while the latter is in molten condition, allowing the compoundmetal mass to set and cool, and compressing the same.

11. The method of making a compound metal product, consisting in feeding granulated metal of higher specific gravity through molten metal of lower specific gravity while the latter is in molten condition, removing surplus molten metal, and allowing the remaining compound metal to chill and set.

12. The method of making a compound metal product, consisting in mixing loose granules of metal of higher melting point with a metal of lower meltin point while the latter is in molten conditlon and cansing the latter metal to encase the said loose granules while they remain in granular form.

13. The method of making a compound metal product, consisting in mixing loose granules of metal of higher melting point with a metal of lower melting point while the latter is in molten condition and causing the latter metal to encase the said loose granules at the welding temperature of the granules of the higher melting point metal.

14:. The method of making a compound metal product, consisting in mixing loose granules of metal of higher melting point with a metal of lower melting point While the latter is in molten condition and causing the latter metal to encase the said loose granules While they remain in granular form, and then compressing the same.

15. The method of making a compound metal product, consisting in feeding granules of higher melting point metal 'into a loath of lower melting point metal, causing said granules toweld directly to each other, and allowing the bath metal to cool and set. 16. The method of, making a compound metal product, consisting in feeding gran-' ules of higher melting point metal into a latter metal to cool and set While enveloping 2c the granules.

17. The method of making a compound metal product, consisting in feeding granules of higher melting point metal into a bath of lower melting point metal, causing said granules to weld directly to each other, allowing the bath metal to cool and set, and then compressing.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

CLARENCE P. BYRNES. 

